William Ottestad, consultant and specialist in anaesthesiology. The author has completed the ICMJE form and declares no conflicts of interest. Some COVID-19 patients deteriorate rapidly and seemingly ...

Clinical question: What is the prevalence of, and what are the risk factors for, occult hypoxemia in ICU patients, and does that impact patient outcomes? Background: The finding of occult hypoxemia, i ...

Respiratory distress affects an estimated 1% of all infants in the first year of life, with significantly greater rates occurring in preemies. Pediatric patients also face risks of acute respiratory ...

The effects of oxygenation targets (partial pressure of arterial oxygen [Pao2], arterial oxygen saturation [Sao2]/peripheral oxygen saturation [Spo2], or inspiratory oxygen concentration [Fio2] on ...

Cyanosis is a bluish or purplish tinge to the skin and mucous membranes. (See the images below.) Cyanosis. Facial cyanosis in a patient with chronic hypoxemia. Courtesy of BioMed Central Ltd, Springer ...

Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) is a promising treatment modality for nonoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). However, BPA for atypical CTEPH with concurrent chronic ...

Invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill adults involves adjusting the fraction of inspired oxygen to maintain arterial oxygen saturation. The oxygen-saturation target that will optimize ...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measurement of regional cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (rcStO2) has become a topic of high interest in neonatology. Multiple studies have demonstrated that rcStO2 ...

aBirmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, New Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, 1st Floor, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham B15 2WB, United Kingdom ...

Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is a principal oxygen carrier in the blood of preterm and term neonates. Compared to adult hemoglobin, it has a significantly higher affinity for oxygen and its oxyhemoglobin ...